Climate Change occurs as a result of both internal variability within the climate system and external factors. The influence of external factors on climate can be broadly compared using the concept of radiative forcing. A positive radiative forcing, such as that produced by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, tends to warm the surface. A negative radiative forcing, which can arise from an increase in some types of aerosols (microscopic airborne particles) tends to cool the surface. Natural factors, such as changes in solar output or explosive volcanic activity, can also cause radiative forcing. Characterization of these climate forcing agents and their changes over time is required to understand past climate changes in the context of natural variations and to project what climate changes could lay ahead. Concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases and their radiative forcing have continued to increase as a result of human activities. The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has increased by 31% since 1750. The present carbon dioxide concentration has not been exceeded during the past 420,000 years and likely not during the past 20 million years. The current rate of increase is unprecedented during at least the past 20,000 years. About three-quarters of the anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere during the past 20 years is due to fossil fuel burning. The rest is predominantly due to land-use change, especially deforestation. There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. Ice sheets will continue to react to climate warming and contribute to sea level rise for thousands of years after climate has been stabilized. It’s not too late. We can still save our planet from destructions that we humans created. Let’s save our world for our future and for our children and to the next generation.
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